{"id":3034,"date":"2024-10-22T12:49:22","date_gmt":"2024-10-22T12:49:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/apex-aiexperts.com\/?p=3034"},"modified":"2024-10-22T12:49:22","modified_gmt":"2024-10-22T12:49:22","slug":"what-is-a-smart-contract","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/apex-aiexperts.com\/ja\/what-is-a-smart-contract\/","title":{"rendered":"\u30b9\u30de\u30fc\u30c8\u30fb\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30c8\u3068\u306f\u4f55\u304b\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ethereum is known as a \u201csmart contract platform<\/strong>\".<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A \u30d7\u30e9\u30c3\u30c8\u30d5\u30a9\u30fc\u30e0<\/strong> (or computing platform) is an operating environment in which a piece of software, like programs or applications, can be run (or \u201cexecuted\u201d).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But what the heck is a smart contract<\/strong>?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u30b9\u30de\u30fc\u30c8\u30fb\u30b3\u30f3\u30c8\u30e9\u30af\u30c8\u3068\u306f\u4f55\u304b\uff1f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Smart contracts are automated computer programs that are hosted and executed on a blockchain. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Smart<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Despite its name, \u201csmart contracts\u201d aren\u2019t necessarily smart or legally binding.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Automated<\/em>\u201d instead of \u201csmart\u201d and \u201cprogram<\/em>\u201d instead of \u201ccontract\u201d would\u2019ve been a better name, but I\u2019m not the genius who came up with the concept!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nick Szabo<\/strong> \u2013 who coined the term in the late 90\u2019s \u2013 compared smart contracts to a vending machine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Users insert coins into the machine and, assuming the inserted amount is correct, the machine \u201cself-executes<\/strong>\u201d and delivers the goods they requested. Nobody else was involved but you and the vending machine. No third-party involvement was required. Not even the vending machine owner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The interaction requires little to no trust: the vending machine has no choice but to deliver the goods upon receiving the money.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Smart<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Now imagine writing agreements that have terms as clear and predictable as a vending machine and then using blockchain technology to automatically implement the terms of an agreement between parties.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

That\u2019s what a smart contract does.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In Ethereum, smart contracts are bits of coded instructions submitted onto the blockchain so that network participants can enforce and store these contracts in a secure and trustless manner.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n

In slightly more technical terms, a smart contract is a collection of code and data<\/strong> that resides at a specific address on Ethereum\u2019s blockchain.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Smart contracts are also deterministic<\/strong> so that those involved in the contract know what results to expect when the contract is executed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Think of a smart contract as a software program on the blockchain that automatically executes when predetermined conditions are met.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

These predetermined conditions, directly written into lines of code, <\/strong>are the equivalent of the \u201cterms of agreement\u201d in a traditional contract.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Now that you know what smart contracts are, let me introduce you to what makes Ethereum a smart contract platform.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What is EVM?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"EVM\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

No, it\u2019s not a new type of electronic music.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

If smart contracts are instructions written in code, it\u2019s the Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)<\/strong> that executes them on the Ethereum blockchain.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

A \"\u4eee\u60f3\u30de\u30b7\u30f3<\/strong>\u201d is a piece of software that behaves like an actual physical computer that can run programs and deploy apps.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

It\u2019s basically a software program on a physical computer that works like it is a \u30e1\u30a4\u30f3\u30fb\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc\u5185\u306e\u72ec\u7acb\u3057\u305f\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30fc<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Why is a \u201cseparate computer\u201d needed to execute smart contracts (which are just computer programs)?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since not every Ethereum node (which are just computers) uses the same hardware, operating system (OS), and other settings, you need a way to \u201cabstract\u201d all this out so the code of the smart contract can just run without having to deal with all the different types of computer configurations with their specific requirements.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Otherwise, you\u2019d have to write a different version of the smart contract for each type of computer configuration!\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Smart contracts don\u2019t want to deal with all this drama!  It wants to be device-agnostic and OS-agnostic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This is where the EVM comes in.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b\u3002 execution environment<\/strong> for smart contracts, meaning a smart contract can execute (\u201crun\u201d) in any<\/em> environment (\u201cany computer or operating system\u201d).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Developers can write a smart contract and be sure that it follows the software industry standard practice of \u201cWrite once, run anywhere\u201d (WORA), also known as \u201cWrite once, run everywhere\u201d (WORE).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Basically, a smart contract is will run on any computer with an EVM, Cool huh?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

But that\u2019s not the only cool thing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Since the EVM\u2019s purpose is to be the computation engine embedded in all full Ethereum nodes. <\/strong>it is Turing-complete. <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

In computer-speak, \u201cTuring-complete\u201d<\/strong> means that EVM can theoretically compute anything you can think of computing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So, in theory, ANY computer application can be programmed and run on the Ethereum platform!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Smart contracts are written in code using high-level programming languages like Solidity, Vyper, or Serpent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

This code gets compiled to something called \u201cbytecode\u201d by the EVM which then gets deployed to the Ethereum blockchain<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Thanks to EVM, the Ethereum blockchain can go beyond smart contracts and can be used to create decentralized applications (dApps)<\/strong>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ethereum is known as a \u201csmart contract platform\u201c. A platform (or computing platform) is an operating environment in which a piece of software, like programs or applications, can be run (or \u201cexecuted\u201d). But what the heck is a smart contract? What is a Smart Contract? Smart contracts are automated computer programs that are hosted and executed on a blockchain.  Despite its name, \u201csmart contracts\u201d aren\u2019t necessarily smart or legally binding. \u201cAutomated\u201d instead of \u201csmart\u201d and \u201cprogram\u201d instead of \u201ccontract\u201d would\u2019ve been a better name, but I\u2019m not the genius who came up with the concept! Nick Szabo \u2013 who coined the term in the late 90\u2019s \u2013 compared smart contracts to a vending machine. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[37,12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3034","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-beginners-guide-to-ethereum","category-learn-crypto"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/apex-aiexperts.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3034","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/apex-aiexperts.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/apex-aiexperts.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apex-aiexperts.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apex-aiexperts.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3034"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/apex-aiexperts.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3034\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3035,"href":"https:\/\/apex-aiexperts.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3034\/revisions\/3035"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/apex-aiexperts.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3034"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apex-aiexperts.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3034"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/apex-aiexperts.com\/ja\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3034"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}